Below a list of some of the important standard SAP tables in a SAP Business Warehouse (BW) system with their description. Also there are some recommendations with reference SAP note on how to perform housekeeping and cleaning up of these BW tables.

For more information you can see SAP note 2388483 – How-To: Data Management for Technical Tables. 

This SAP Note covers data management for tables with a mainly technical background, e.g. used for:

• Communication
• Logging, tracing
• Administration
• Analysis
• Metadata
• Staging
• Auditing

It doesn’t deal with application tables.

Furthemore there is also another SAP note which provides information about the processes to clean up and remove data from various tables of the various infoprovider types. For more information see SAP note 3232938 – How-To: Data Management for BW Infoprovider tables

Reference: https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/BI/Important+Tables+in+SAP+BW+7.x